Wednesday, July 31, 2019

The Moontrap by Don Berry

It was on the 23rd day of January in the year 1932 at Rosewood Falls, MN when an award – winning author was born.   Don Berry (1932 – 2001), the author of the novel entitled Moontrap has been the recipient of the Spur Award, Western Writers of America, 1963 for best historical novel (University of Oregon Libraries, 2008).   Berry can be best remembered for the lasting influence as well as the universality of the themes of the stories he wrote.   Just before the final days of his life, Berry continued to be a success as an author.   This statement holds true as Berry concluded his â€Å"spore, Berryworks,† – that which was considered to be his masterpiece (Don Berry, 2000).   Berry’s Moontrap is a novel about a man caught between his lucid past and his vague future.   The Oregon territory serves as the setting of his trilogy following the Trask (Oregon State University Press, 2004).   His works, which include novels and science fiction short stories, lean towards the western genre.   It was the publication of his three novels which has secured him a reputation for having a tight grasp of the American Pacific Northwest history.The adventure stories he wrote shed light on the damaging effects of impinging white population on the Native American population.   Berry’s first ever novel, the Trask has been a stunning success of mature writing in the year 1960.   Following the Trask was Moontrap, his second novel.   Though it has not been equally commended as its predecessor, Moontrap is considered to be exceptional than the Trask (University of Oregon Libraries, 2008).If there was a population to be considered as the one most devoted reading group it would be none other than the people of the Pacific Northwest.   Reasons to support this claim is one too many.   For one, there is the long gray winter in the western part of the Cascades.   This weather encourages warm and dry indoor activities.   If there is the long gray winter of the west, there’s the seclusion of the ranching region at the mountain’s east.   If these would still not suffice, there is the lavishness and variety of the crops produced by the riches of the regional publishers (Garmen, 2008).It is our improved connection with these communities essential to our future which causes us a relief in our sense of selfishness and seclusion.   Many other unique publishers find an opulent and generous home at the Pacific Northwest.   This can be attributed to the region’s open spaces of mind and geography (Garmen, 2008).Oregon owes its publicity to the missionaries and fur traders.   They are the ones who made Oregon familiar to the American population.   The year was 1840 when a great deal of people broke new ground as they begun to come by the Oregon Trail to the Willamette Valley.   Most of the pioneers trace their origins from the Middle West farms.   Their exodus has been brought b y the ruthless weather condition and recurring sickness, national depression which began in the year 1837.   There where some who only sought for adventure, though.   For the majority, however, it was the search for a better material life than what they have which has driven them out of their homeland to the Willamette Valley.Young businessmen from the Northeastern cities wanted to engage in the mercantile business as a form of livelihood in the urban areas of Oregon.   These people consists the minority of Oregon emigrants during the pre – Civil War period.   It was during the 1850s when Chinese immigrants came to the gold fields at the south of Oregon.   Even before the Civil War, African Americans can already be found at Oregon (Garmen, 2008).The pre – Civil War Oregon’s political life was for the most part, was based upon local issues.   The majority party consisted of the Democrats.   The Republicans as well as the Whigs do have their respecti ve followers.   The most important national concern during that time was whether slavery should be extended to the federal territories.   Oregonians of the pioneer era busy themselves in farming.   It was also during this time when Portland, the major city started to emerge.   Other towns sprang up, thereafter.Oregonians traded lumber, wheat and cattle to California in exchange for gold.   With respect to the Oregonian’s cultural life, schools, colleges and churches were set out.   It was during the 1850s when Indian wars were ignited.   This was brought about by the gold miners who broke out the Rogue River War (1855 – 1856) as they find their way to south Oregon.   White farmers invaded the Indian lands at other parts of Oregon.   This event brought the Indians on reservation.   It was at the central Oregon during 1855 when the Warn Spring Reservation was founded for the Wasco, Walla Walla and the Paiutes (Garmen, 2008).A transitional period in th e New Oregon Territory happened during the 1850s.   It was during this time when the settlers and lawmakers were working to control the uncivilized region.   A white man who goes by the name Johnson â€Å"Jaybird† Monday has been living on a bend of the Willamette River near Oregon City.   Monday was a former mountain man.   He lives with his wife, Mary Deer Walking, who is about to give birth to their first child.   Walking, a common – law, Shoshone Indian has been married to Monday for seven years.The couple wrestles to find their place in the settled society.   Webster â€Å"Webb† T. Webster, Monday’s old friend, paid a sudden visit one summer morning.   Webster is a strident and unremorseful trapper.   He has a crude humor and a stubborn obedience to the simple life (Oregon State University Press, 2004).   He has no other frills of civilization (Tillabooks, 2006).   It was him who led Monday through adventures which leaned dangerou sly close to lawlessness.   It was through their misadventures which led Monday towards a rediscovery of his moral core.   Monday’s life takes us on a journey through rebelliousness, feat and misfortune (Oregon State University Press, 2004).Moontrap gives an account of the conflict one man confronts in maintaining his old habits or fashioning a new life.   It is a splendidly humorous comic and deeply moving rendition of the life in the Pacific Northwest (Oregon State University Press, 2004).   It was a mixture of tough play, wit, lyric romance and the cruel realities of life (cited in Oregon State University Press, 2004).   It follows Monday on his quest towards the realization that renouncing the austere honesty of mountain life for the bargain of civilization is a high a price to pay, indeed (Oregon State University Press, 2004).The idea that a Shoshone Indian who is married to a white man and is about to give birth to their first born does not rest well with the authority that be, the powers of civilization who seemingly have the power over the fate of the region.   This stark reality confronted Monday face to face as the judge refuse to record the name of Monday’s son otherwise.   â€Å"The judge insists on writing out the birth certificate as: Father: Johnson Monday, White.   Mother: Mary Deer Walking, Shoshone Indian.   Child: Webster, son of Mary Deer Walking, Shoshone Indian, Bastard.†Ã‚   This reminded Monday that as he was once a mountain man, he will remain a mountain man (Tillabooks, 2006).Moontrap leaves its readers the haunting questions like: What transpires of the mountain man when he arrives at the final verge?   When the time comes that the Oregon territory has been established and America meets the Pacific, what remains to be the vestiges of old?     Ã‚  (Tillabooks, 2006).The powerful forces of civilization are left to squeeze out what if left of that freedom.   As the account of the conclusion of an epoch, the last of the moral fiber of the mountain man, as civilization sweeps on the Oregon territory.   â€Å"Just as you can’t trap the reflection of the moon in a moving pool of water, so you can’t preserve the freedom of the old ways of life† (Tillabooks, 2006).ReferencesDon Berry. 2000. Berryworks. Retrieved February 1, 2008 from http://www.donberry.com/.Open Space Publications, Inc. 2008. Publishing in the Northwest. Retrieved February 2, 2008from http://www.open-spaces.com/article-v2n3-publishing.phpOregon State University Press. 2004. Moontrap by Don Berry. Retrieved January 31, 2008   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   from oregonstate.edu/dept/press/images/fall04cat.pdf.Tillabooks. 2006. Moontrap by Don Berry. Retrieved February 2, 2008 fromhttp://tillabooks.blogspot.com/2006/07/moontrap-by-don-berry.htmlUniversity of Oregon Libraries. 2008. Subject guide to papers of major literary figures in   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Manuscript collectio ns. Retrieved January 31, 2008 from   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   https://libweb.uoregon.edu/speccoll/guides/lit.html?tab=3.

Tuesday, July 30, 2019

Case Study Metabical

Examine methods for forecasting demand of a new product and estimating profitability. R/ The different forecasting methods can be divided in two categories. 1. Qualitative methods: these types of methods are usually based on the opinion of people, some of these methods are:Executive committee consensus: develop medium-long forecast by asking a group of knowledgeable executives their opinions with regard to future values of the items being forecasted. Dolphin method: involves a group of experts who eventually develop a consensus; they usually make long range forecasts for future technologies or future sales of a new product.Sales force composite: sales people are a good source of information with regard to customers’ future intentions to buy the new product.Customer surveys: by using a customer survey, a company can base its demand forecast on the customers’ purchasing plans.2. Quantitative methods: These methods forecast demand levels based on analysis of historical time series.Quantitative methods are used to estimate future demands as a function of past data; appropriate when past data are available. The method is usually applied to short-intermediate range decisions.Forecasts based on historical data: these methods are probably the simplest ones to deploy and can be accurate over the short term.Naive methods: these are the most cost-effective and efficient objective forecasting model. For stable time series data, this approach says that the forecast for any period equals the previous period's actual value. Moving average: An indicator frequently used in technical analysis showing the average value of a security's price over a set period. Moving averages are generally used to measure momentum and define areas of possible support and resistance.Exponential smoothing: is a technique that can be applied to time series data, either to produce smoothed data for presentation, or to make forecasts. The time series data themselves are a sequence of observations. The observed phenomenon may be an essentially random process, or it may be an orderly, but noisy, process.Whereas in the simple moving average the past observations are weighted equally, exponential smoothing assigns exponentially decreasing weights over time.Trend analysis method: These methods involve determining the trend of consumption based on past consumption and project future consumption by extrapolating this trend.Decomposition of time series: is a statistical method that deconstructs a time series into notional components.Associative (causal) forecasts:Regression analysis: includes a large group of methods that can be used to predict future values of variable using information about other variables.These methods include both parametric (linear or non-linear) and non-parametric techniques.Econometric modeling: An economic indicator indicates change in the magnitude of an economic variable. It gives the signal about the direction of change in an economic variable. Some methods for estimating profits are: Absolute Return: The Absolute Return method calculates the cost of the shares or units in a firm, by determining the total cost associated with the open position, divided by the number of shares or units owned.The total cost is based on the total expenditure associated with buying shares and options (including broker fees and stamp duty), less any income received from dividends or gains or losses associated with selling shares and options. The Absolute return is a very effective way of determining your overall return on a position if you are actively trading an investment as it provides a rolling view of your return. Pooling Method: This method uses pooling to calculate the cost and related return. When shares or units are acquired, the number of shares or units in the pool increases and the amount paid for them is added to the cost of the pool.

Monday, July 29, 2019

Critically evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of 'universal' Essay

Critically evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of 'universal' and 'contingent' approaches to human resource strategy. Give examples to illustrate your answer - Essay Example ies are facing increasingly complex and dynamic business environment necessitating change in their ways they operate in harnessing their resources including human resources. The main objective behind HRM is to ensure organizational success through its people (Armstrong, 2006). The paper aims at exploring the advantages and disadvantages of universal and contingent approaches to human resource strategies that are currently practiced. Caldwell (2004) argues that HRM is concerned with several policy goals to be listed as: managing people as assets to build competitive strength; aligning corporate strategy and HRM policies; creating a flexible organisation responsive to external environment; to promote more cohesive team working; creating a strong customer orientation; empowerment to workforce for self-management and learning; institute proper reward system to develop a performance-driven environment; enhancing employee commitment within the organisation. Companies attempt to achieve these goals either through universal also known as best-practice approach to human resource strategies or take a diversion from it and deploy contingent approach to human resource strategies depending upon the need or the type of business they operate. Universal or the best practice approach is based on the basic premise that adopting certain proven HRM practices will inevitably lead to superior organizational performance. For example, most firms in 1960s and 1970s and a huge proportion even today adopt a sophisticated selection and recruitment processes so that the best from the available lot is selected. Induction programme is also sophisticated providing necessary training to the recruits so that they can accomplish the task given to them. The appraisal system is quite coherent so that none has reason to complain. Workforce skills are allowed to develop such that they attain flexibility. Comprehensive and frequent communication to workforce is maintained. All employment terms and

Sunday, July 28, 2019

Explain about this picture using roland barthes Essay

Explain about this picture using roland barthes - Essay Example The coastal background of the picture is ideal; tourist can have a cool breeze at the coastline of any ocean or sea. In addition, human beings can manifest the world through pictures, not just through photojournalism (Watson, 2012). Our snaps are a perfect example of how human beings can view the world as a social construct or our personal, individual life. The picture’s relevance can be drawn from the context in which it was taken. Denotative quality of the photograph is portrayed by the human being and the coastal objects contained in the photograph and their relationship with the human being. Denotatively, human beings can find coastline settings ideal for holidays and tourism activities. Tourism is also important for economic growth as well as contributing to employment opportunities. The content of the photograph’s message shows the literal reality of how human beings enjoy nature. The scene is real and not imaginary (Noth, 1995). A photograph is a proof that the holiday adventure occurred in reality. The picture may be distorted; however, there is some evidence that something occurred, which resembles the picture. The notion of style in the picture is evident because it represents reality. The object (human being and the coastline) are objects from reality. The pose in the picture represents how human beings can enjoy the sunshine at the coast. In addition a relaxed pose shows how holiday experiencing can be fulfilling. Stress levels can be reduced when human beings find time to relax and be away from work. Holiday activities rejuvenate strength lost during work. After leisure or holiday, more effort can be achieved at work. Use of communication technologies such as phones helps to get in touch with families and friends. The picture’s background also shows how human beings should relate with the environment. The coastal background is clean and free from waste. Waste disposal to the

Saturday, July 27, 2019

Lewis and Clark expediation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Lewis and Clark expediation - Essay Example e expedition, Native Americans’ land was viewed as a mere continuation of American territory, with the Americans seeking to enlarge their territory by acquiring the Native Americans’ land. However, the Native Americans were primarily not objective towards the expedition seeing it as a way of enhancing trade relations with America, thereby increasing their access to commodities. Most Native groups cooperated with the discovery team by serving as the latter’s interpreters and guides, for instance, the Lewis and Clark led expedition include the Mandans, who grew corn on their land and resided in earth lodges. This group of natives agreed to trade with America and assisted the discovery team in finding food, accommodation and provided protection to the team. In addition, other groups of cooperative natives were the Sioux, the Hidatsa, the Chinook, Shoshone and the Arikara. All these groups had a positive impact on the success of the expedition and assisted the discov ery team in creating rapport with other groups (DeVoto, 1953, 29). One of the most notable Native American who assisted the expedition team was Sacajawea, wife to one of the hired Natives. Sacajawea played a key role in maintaining amiable relations between the team and other Native groups. However, there were some Native American groups that were not quite cooperative and who sought to have the discovery team expelled from their land through all necessary means, including warfare (Neuberger, 1962, 15). For instance, the Piegan  Blackfoot  warriors, whom the expedition team encountered at the Marias River. The expedition team was forced to retreat from the Piegan’s land for fear of attack when the Native group attempted to forcefully acquire the team’s weapons. The Lewis and Clark expedition had a major effect on the U.S policy towards Native Americans. U.S considered Native Americans in two conflicting ways that are Native Americans were either United States’ enemies during war, or they were

Mobile Telecommunications Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Mobile Telecommunications - Assignment Example As of March 1999, the Group had subsidiary mobile network operating companies in six countries - the UK, the Netherlands, Greece, Malta, Australia and New Zealand. Between 1999 and 2003, the Group furthered its transaction activities thereby transforming the company into the world's leading international mobile telecommunications company (Vodafone Annual Report, 2006). Vodafone Group provides a wide range of voice and data mobile telecommunications services, including text messages (SMS), picture messages (MMS), and other data services. The Group is continually expanding its product line and enhancing its service offerings, particularly through third generation (3G) mobile technology. In the wake of fierce competition and narrowing margins, Vodafone is continuously innovating to keep pace with the changing environment. Besides competition, the list of drivers changing the environment also comprises challenging regulatory environment, and continuous development in technology which means there is far more choice for customers. Historically, growth in Vodafone's portfolio has come from developed markets, particularly Europe. Due to high penetration rates (100%) in such markets, Vodafone is now concentrating on emerging markets which poses greater potential for growth due to low penetration rates (average 30%). 2. Strategic Analysis Vodafone has a strategy of expanding business through acquisitions, partnerships and joint ventures in the telecommunication industry. The Group cleanses its portfolio by disposing off underperforming assets that have an impact on its resources. Vodafone has invested only in those geographical regions where it has seen chances of superior returns for its shareholders. Key developments in the history of the Group are as follows: Timeline of Vodafone Group 1999 - Vodafone merged with Air Touch Communications which changed its name to Vodafone Air Touch. The Group had mobile operating subsidiaries in 10 countries and equity interests in an additional 12 countries. 2000 - Vodafone set its footprint in Germany and Italy through acquiring Mannesmann AG. Vodafone also increased its indirect holding in SFR, a French mobile telecommunications operator. Moreover, the Group's US mobile operations combined with Bell Atlantic and GTE Corporation to form Verizon Wireless. 2001 - Vodafone acquired Eircell Limited, a mobile operator in Ireland and set its footprint there. Moreover, the Group acquired 66.7% stake in a fixed line operator in Japan, Japan Telecom Co. Ltd. Since March 2003, Vodafone has undertaken multiple subsidiary acquisitions in Egypt, Greece, Hungary, Japan, Malta, Portugal, Sweden, Netherlands, and UK. Vodafone has had joint ventures in India, Fiji, Kenya, Poland and South Africa. Vodafone Group faces a high degree of competition in each of its geographic markets. It is subject to both indirect competition, from providers of other telecommunications services in the domestic markets and, direct competition from existing mobile telecommunications network operators. Many of Vodafone's key markets are highly penetrated due to a large number of customers having more than one subscriber identity module (SIM), the basis of customer identity for a mobile telecommun

Friday, July 26, 2019

Iceland's Economic Crisis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Iceland's Economic Crisis - Essay Example Let us evaluate the possible causes of the Iceland’s crises. The fundamental reason of the Iceland crises is the financial crises that the banks of the country faced. When there was a major deregulation practice in place, Iceland also adopted the policy. This is the period during the year 2000 when the country’s major industries were deregulated which also included the banking industry. At first, it was a prolific decision and started paying benefits. Iceland’s stock market grew by 900%, which was one of the best growths of the decade. In addition, it is estimated that the banks of Iceland had growth multiple times the growth of the country itself. The deregulation of the banking industry caused a significant change in the spending pattern and thus, the national economy of Iceland (Bagus et al, 2011). The banks now lent money in simple terms and conditions which made it possible for the common Icelander to obtain loan for virtually anything. Mortgages became easy and the people were lured into take up house loans. The finances that the banks of Iceland used to continue their activities were obtained from interbank lending and from deposits from outside the country (Gudmundsson et al, 2010). The growing lending eventually led to the rise in the cost of living and inflation crept up to around 14% in September 2008. As a corrective measure, the Central Bank raised the interest rate to above 15%. This caused the international funds to be deposited into Iceland’s banks because the banks of other countries were offering much lower interest rates. As a result, the money supply in Iceland grew by 56.5% compared to 5% of GDP growth. Banks found it difficult to pay back loans because much of the investment had been circulated in the interbank market. The central bank also failed to loan the banks because the amount needed was even greater than the

Thursday, July 25, 2019

Does the development of technology determine the form and social Essay

Does the development of technology determine the form and social importance of television Refer to at least two theorists in your answer - Essay Example Studies have revealed that the television is increasingly taking a backseat to the cell phone and the personal computer especially amongst consumers aged 18 to 34 years. This decline of television can be explained by various theories, two of which are Christensen’s theory of disruptive innovation and the theory of functional displacement. A disruptive technology refers to the radical innovations in existing systems or practices such that it drastically transforms the market, creates entirely new markets or destroys the current markets for other technologies, which, in the case of television, turned out to be the internet. On the other hand, the functional displacement theory states that when the functions of a particular pre-existing medium are overtaken by a newer medium, the older medium tends to maintain its position by finding new functions. This paper, throws light the impact of technology on the form and social importance of television by discussing all of the above ment ioned themes in detail. In the modern era of innovation and globalization, with shrinking distances and integrated economies, the world of technology is in an imminent perilous state. Technology is the formation of new ideas, products or tools that extend our natural abilities and bring about changes in our social environment. Technology is completely responsible for how structured our civilization has become. Modern technology has not just influenced the industrial and corporate world but also has a great impact on our personal lives. Many of the everyday items we use nowadays are a result of technology. These technological advancements have brought about improvements in our health, the clothes we wear, the way we travel and communicate and hence, revolutionized the way we live. In this fast growing world of technology, people are continuously looking for new and innovative ways of communication. Before

Wednesday, July 24, 2019

How to run a good business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

How to run a good business - Essay Example After all this is done, we'll have to find a suitable place to set up the firm (where the demand of the business is more), the suitable people to run the business, proper equipment and assets and full fledge advertising to promote the business in order to attract the customers. As far as the Samah caf' is concerned, the owner would have to arrange for a large amount of capital to start off with the business as the assets and equipments used in the business will have to be state-of-the-art, up-to-date. Secondly, Samah caf' will have to opt for a suitable place to set itself up where mostly the upper class citizens or the tourists live, as the main market of the business will be sheikhs, the upper class citizens of the city and the tourists. Once the location of the business is decided, it will then have to move its attention towards the qualified staff that would be required to run and maintain the business, as they play a vital role in satisfying the customer needs as they have specialized in that field.

Tuesday, July 23, 2019

Information Communication, Knowledge management Essay

Information Communication, Knowledge management - Essay Example This will give a more current and topical feel to the subject. In this regard, as a country Pakistan is growing everyday by leaps and bounds in the technological arena. Hence, it has been seen that a country that is in the depths of development is always in dire need of a unique knowledge management system. In this regard, Si3 is Pakistan's leading IT Systems Integrator. As a model for IT integration, It has the capacity and experience for providing strategic technology solutions to business. It is providing IT solutions to different industries such as Financial Services, Oil & Gas, Telecommunications and to Public Sector. These industries have widespread use of the tools of knowledge management as the information from within needs to be transmitted to effectively to various external parties in terms of policies, financial statements, innovations, among other. (Wilson, 2002) Therefore, it has been observed that this IT system integrator has the capacity to promote knowledge management within its own framework. Knowledge and information have become almost interchangeable in their ability to transform workplaces and make the rest of the aware of the various activities that take place within it. Recognizing this premise, the company is providing result-oriented solutions to various industries. It is working with its alliance partners with an unmatched level of domain knowledge. It empowers organizations with inventive and scalable technology solutions thereby increasing the industry's competitive advantage and return on investment. (Wilson, 2002) Before delving any deeper into the elements of this brand of knowledge management, it is important to study and analyze the exact implication for this management tool as regards an information management. (Source: Wilson, 2002) This diagram depicts the growth of titles using knowledge management. In this regard, information management may be defined as something that involves deploying new technology solutions, e.g: content or document management systems, data warehousing and portal applications. It covers all the systems and processes in an organization for the creation and use of corporate information. Information is the most pervasive element across all human actions and interactions. Managing information has become one of man's most difficult tasks. Variety of information sources has changed information from mediocrity of data to a natural efficacy and requirement. Information management involves people, processes, technology and content. (Wilson, 2002) Knowledge management encompasses strategy, method, practice and approach in an organizational context. Data represents facts or values of results and has the capacity to represent information. Patterns of relations of data, and information have the capacity to represent knowledge. This shows a strong connection with the premise that Si3 operates on in terms of the use of various tools of information technology to integrate the knowledge within the organization. This also promotes a stronger and wider base for communication. In this regard,

Monday, July 22, 2019

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder symptoms Essay Example for Free

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder symptoms Essay I. Importance of Study Found in the Journal of Advanced Nursing, a group of Norwegian psychologists conducted an observational longitudinal study to discover whether or not there is a relationship because Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL), and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder symptoms (PTSD). Mette Senneseth, Kjersti Alsaker Gerd Karin Natvig, conducted this study. According to the journal, the aim of the study was to examine HRQoL and PTSD symptoms in the people that attend Accident and Emergency departments (AE), due to the fact that they suffer from some type of psychosocial crisis (Alasker et al. 2011, 403). Hereafter, this is referred to as Research 1. The study done in Research 1 revealed that there has been an interest in researching one’s quality of life, and how it correlates with one’s health. The term HRQoL refers to the â€Å"effects of health, illness and treatment on QoL† (Alasker et al. 2011, 403). There have been a number of studies that suggest that traumatic life events, including, but not limited to, sexual assault and military combat, have a negative effect on HRQoL. Additionally, poor HRQoL is not only associated with PTSD symptoms, but they are related to differences and modification in HRQoL, and there is a negative correlation between the two (Alasker et al. 2011, 403). The researchers hypothesized that people who seek help at AE, suffering from such psychosocial calamites, have lower HRQoL than the general population of Norway at the time of the study, and that the participants will have improved HRQoL after two months (Alasker et al . 2011, 403). In addition, a second hypothesis predicts that participants who have high levels of PTSD symptoms at the time of the study will have reduced symptoms after the conclusion of the study at two months. Lastly, the third hypothesis wraps the study up by predicating that high levels of PTSD symptoms are associated to low HRQoL scores in a follow-up experiment (Alasker et al., 2011, 403). Found in the Cyber-psychology, Behavior and Social Networking Journal, a group of researchers conducted a study to compare the effects of VR-graded exposure therapy (VR-GET) versus treatment as usual (TAU) on people suffering from combat related PTSD (McLay et al. 2011, 223). Robert Mclay, Dennis Wood, Jennifer Webb-Murphy, James Spira, Mark Miederholf, Jeffery Pyne and Brenda  Wiederhold conducted this study. Hereafter, this is referred to as Research 2. The doctors responsible for conducting this study found that there has only been one â€Å"randomized, controlled proof-of-concept† study that was specifically designed for Active Duty Service Members suffering from PTSD (McLay et al. 2011, 223). Also, the doctors wanted to extend the â€Å"already found research gathered† from victi ms of PTSD, and take the study one step further. The researchers of Research 2 hypothesized that â€Å"patients with combat-related PTSD would be more likely to experience clinically significant improvements in VR-GET than treatment as usual† (McLay et al. 2011, 224). VR-GET is a virtual reality stimulation that combines graded virtual reality exposure with â€Å"physiologic monitoring and skills training† (McLay et al. 2011, 224). Also, VR-GET promotes engagement with, rather than escaping the events and experiences that prompt a traumatic episode. II. METHODS In regards to Research 1, the participants in the study had to meet three criteria before they were able to participate. During the recruitment period, the researchers found participants who were attending the AE due to a â€Å"psychosocial crisis and who consulted a psychiatric nurse,† were 18 years of age or older, and those who were able to both read and understand Norwegian (Alasker et al. 2011, 404). A total of 113 were asked to participate in the study. Of those 113 people selected, 99 of the people participated in the baseline study, and 41 participated in both the baseline study, and the follow-up study. Aforementioned, this was an observational longitudinal study, where participants were observed repeatedly over a long period of time. There were two types of instruments that were used for the research in Research 1. The first instrument that was used was a SF-36 Health Survey, which is a â€Å"36 item self-report questionnaire that assesses eight domains of physical and MH ranging from 1-100† (Alasker et al. 2011, 404). In this survey, the higher score reveals the best HRQoL, and the lower score reveals the poorest HRQoL (Alasker et al. 2011, 404). The second instrument that was used for this study was the Post-traumatic Symptom Scale (PTSS-10), which is a ten item self-report questionnaire that â€Å"assesses the presence  and intensity of symptoms† (Alasker et al. 2011, 404). On the PTSS-10, scores range from 10 to 70, and a score of 35 or greater results in a PTSD diagnosis (Alasker et al. 2011, 404). In addition to the two questionnaires, participants were encouraged to go to consolations at the AE. The number of consultations that each participant attended varies throughout the study. In regards to Research 2, â€Å"participants for the study were all Active Duty Service Members who had been diagnosed by a military mental health professional as having PTSD† related to military combat (McLay et al. 2011, 224). At the end of the baseline assessment, those who were qualified to participate in he study were asked to draw a piece of paper out of an envelop, making the selection of treatment completely random, and giving the participants an equal chance of choosing either treatment. There were a total of twenty people that participated in this study; ten assigned to the VR-GET and another ten assigned to TAU (McLay et al. 2011, 225). The two methods of Research 2 consisted of the VR-GET and the TAU. The participants that were assigned for the VR-GET had a sequence of sessions that consisted of different activities. First, the therapist would meet with the participant and discuss their trauma history. In the second session, participants were asked to reveal their more traumatic stories of their military combat and tours. In later sessions, the participant used the virtual reality helmet to relive their most traumatic events, based off of the information that was gathered about them in the earlier sessions. In each session, the participants were observed on their ability to face their fears and anxieties (McLay et al. 2011, 225). â€Å"Participants assigned to TAU could receive any of the regular services available to them at the NMCSD and NHCP. These two facilities offer full spectrum of PTSD treatment, including, but not limited to, cognitive processing therapy, prolonged exposure, and group therapy† (McLa y et al. 2011, 225). III. ANALYSIS/RESULTS Analysis The researchers for Research 1 used the two self-report questionnaires to gather their data. In addition, the researchers processed the data using  statistical analysis with the help of SPSS16 Processor for Windows (Oslo, Norway). The researcher for this study wants to compare the results of the two surveys with the general population of Norway, and to succeed with that, they used SF-36 data through the Norwegian Coordinated Living Conditions Survey from 2002, consisting of 5131 people (Alasker et al. 2011, 405). In Research 2, it was found that participants in the baseline study had lower norm-based scores in all eight HRQoL domains in comparison to the general population of Norway. In the follow-up study, two months later, the â€Å"participants still had lower norm-based scores than the general population of Norway, but participants had improved their HRQoL in five of the eight domains from the baseline study to the follow-up study† (Alasker et al. 2011, 406). In regard to the PTSS-10 questionnaire in Research 1, among the participants in the baseline study, 79% of them had a PTSS-10 score that was 35, expressing high levels of PTSD symptoms (Alasker et al. 2011, 406). At the follow-up, â€Å"59% of the participants had a PTSS-10 score that was 35, which shows high levels of PTSD symptoms, which can indicate a risk of developing PTSD† (Alasker et al. 2011, 406). The researchers for Research 2 aimed to identify which of the VR-GET or TAU would yield a greater percentage of participants with a â€Å"clinically meaningful reduction in PTSD† (McLay et al. 2011, 225). The researcher succeeded in deepening their research by investigating the â€Å"difference in CAPS scores at an initial assessment and then at the post-treatment assessment in VR-GET versus TAU† (McLay et al. 2011, 226). The CAPS is a â€Å"rating scale for PTSD that corresponds with the 17 symptoms of PTSD† (McLay et al. 2011, 226). Participants were classified according to whether or not they had a 30% of larger reduction of their PTSD based on the results of their CAPS. ii. Analysis Results Taking a look at Research 1, and the question concerning whether or not there is a link between PTSD symptoms and HRQoL, researchers looked at the differences in SF-36 scores between PTSS-10 subgroups in a follow-up study (Alasker et al. 2011, 406). â€Å"The PTSS-10 high scoring and low scoring subgroups at the 2-month follow-up differed in all eight of the HRQoL domains in the follow up study† (Alasker et al. 2011, 406). In addition, the PTSS-10 low scoring participants had improved HRQoL in six out of the eight domains (Alasker et al. 2011, 407). In regards to Research 2, all ten of the participants assigned to the VR-GET were assessed with the CAPS at the post-assessment. Seven out of the ten participants showed an improvement of 30% or more on the CAPS. On the other hand, out of the ten participants that were assigned to the TAU, one did not complete a CAPS assessment. Nevertheless, one out of the nine returning participants receiving the TAU revealed more than a 30% improvements on the CAPS (McLay et al. 2011, 226). â€Å"There was no significant difference between VR-GET and TAU average CAPS scores both before and after the treatments, but there was indeed a significant difference in the average CAPS score over the course of the entire treatment† (McLay et al. 2011, 226). IV. DISCUSSION Results Summary Concerning Research 1’s first hypothesis, participants of the study reported lower HRQoL compared to the general population of Norway in all eight HRQoL domains (Alasker et al. 2011, 408). In regards to the second hypothesis, participants in Research 1 reported high levels of PTSD symptoms at the time of the baseline experiment. Furthermore, PTSS-10 scores did improve from the time of the baseline experiment to the follow-up. The results show that PTSD symptoms decrease for people suffering from a psychosocial crisis in the 2 months after attending the AE (Alasker et al. 2011, 408). Lastly, concerning the questions if there is a link between the level of PTSD symptoms and HRQoL in the follow-up study, the researchers found that a â€Å"high level of PTSD symptoms after a two month period were linked to lower HRQoL† (Alasker et al. 2011, 408). Results for Research 2 Strengths and Weaknesses In regards to Research 1, there are many strengths and lurking variables that should be pointed out. One strength of the study was that they  progress of the study was completely up to the participant. The participant had the option as to how may consultations they wanted to attend, and the varied decisions led to different results. Another strength of the study was that they used instruments that were both appropriate to the study, and reliable. On the contrary, there were several confounding variables in Research 1 that must be acknowledged. First, there is no evidence that anyone in this trial was on any sort of anti-depressant or medication that would affect his or her scores on the SF-36 and the PTSS-10. Also, there are so many different traumatic events that would cause someone to show symptoms of PTSD. The study should limit its participants to those who experienced similar types of trauma. As for Research 2, there were also strengths and weaknesses to the study. As for its strengths, the doctors did a good job through their selections process to select a small group of people who were highly qualified for this study. Also, the exam that was used to measure the severity of the participants PTSD was based off of seventeen symptoms of PTSD, whereas the instrument used in Research 1 (PTSS-10) only focused on ten symptoms of PTSD. Lastly, the ten-week span of the study was appropriate in yielding results. Just like any other study, there are confounding variables that need to be identified for Research 2. Although the goal was to get the participants in for a reassessment at the conclusion of the study (ten weeks), reassessment for some did not occur until as far as 36 weeks. With that being said, participants have plenty of time to have a relapse, or more time in combat that can result in more severe PTSD. iii. Future Directions The researchers of Research 1 suggest that a â€Å"randomized control trial with a control group is needed to investigate the effect of the psychosocial interactions that are given to this group† (Alasker et al. 2011, 407). In addition, they suggest that it is crucial to get more, information about the long term effects of acute crisis intervention on PTSD symptoms and HRQoL â€Å"given by psychiatric nurses to participants† (Alasker et al. 2011, 410). The researchers of Research 2 also have some suggestions for further directions of this research. It was stated that other studies on the topic  of virtual reality therapy on PTSD victims, improvements in symptoms aren’t visible until sometimes three months after treatment. For future studies there needs to be a longer wait time for the follow-ups so that there can be the most accurate results. In addition, the journal states that careful monitoring of the participants is also something that needs to be done more thorough in the future because a participants overall health, aside from PTSD, must be taken into consideration when the researchers are making observations and conclusions about the participants (McLay et al. 2011, 226). Works Cited Mette Senneseth, Kjersti Alsaker, Gerd Karin Natvig. (2011). Health-related Quality of Life and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms in Accident and Emergency Attenders Suffering From Psychosocial Crises: a Longitudinal Study, Journal of Advanced Nursing 68(2), 402-414. Retrieved from http://web.ebscohost.com.rocky.iona.edu:2048/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?sid=6c7164f6-d4f6-4ce6-8a46-f1ad579caf63%40sessionmgr15vid=5hid=24 Robert N. Mclay, Dennis P. Wood, Jennifer A. Webb-Murphy, James L. Spira, Mark D. Wiederhold, Jeffery M. Pyne, Brenda K. Wiederhold. (2011). A Randomized, Control Trial of Virtual Reality-Graded Exposure Therapy for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Active Duty Service Members with Combat-Related Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking Volume 14, Issue 4. Retrieved from http://web.ebscohost.com.rocky.iona.edu:2048/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?sid=61603dcf-c639-423e-8f1e-365db0b36d61%40sessionmgr13vid=4hid=24

Arab Spring and the French Revolution Essay Example for Free

Arab Spring and the French Revolution Essay Prosper (Reap the rewards of your preparation and performance) The essay must include the following: Introduction paragraph (5 points) * First sentence is a quote used to â€Å"hook† the reader * You need to â€Å"in-text cite† the source of the quote * Then at least three sentences of French Revolution, Arab Spring background/historical context that sets up the thesis * Utilize facts from the French Revolution and Arab Spring * (Meaning: don’t respond to the prompt in the first four sentences) Thesis (15 points) A sophisticated, insightful, crystal clear thesis that states your argument and â€Å"drives† your essay * Thesis makes a claim that is analytical answering â€Å"why† or â€Å"How† (Hint: use the word â€Å"because†) * The thesis is the last sentence of the Introduction but is linked to each body paragraph topic (Claim) sentence Body Paragraphs Claim/Evidence (10 points) * Each topic (Claim) sentence must link to the Thesis otherwise I won’t read the paragraph; therefore no checks! * Each topic sentence must be supported with evidence from resources (utilizing details/facts—Characters, Setting, Plot, Quotes†¦Do Not Generalize!!! * A good rule of thumb is that each topic sentence (body paragraph) is supported with three evidences. Body Warrant/Analysis (10 points) * Include creative and thoughtful analysis * Make sense of FR/Prompt by stating something interesting and unique * Utilize â€Å"Big Idea† terms in your paragraphs (Analogy, Cause and Effect, Compare and Contrast, Foreshadowing, Irony, â€Å"Nothing New Under the Sun†, Paradox, â€Å"Turning Points†) * Explain the â€Å"Big Ideas† thoughtfully and completely Conclusion paragraph (5 points) Wrap the essay up with a conclusion that restates the main points of your essay * Do not include a new argument to the conclusion * Say something interesting: Leave me in awe, impressed; move my heart and mind! Mechanics/ MLA Requirements (10 points) * Excellent sentence structure, grammar and punctuation * The paper fulfills all MLA requirements (see checklist) * The Works Cited page is properly formatted (see checklist) * All of the required sources (3) are cited properly in the paper * The paper was submitted to turnitin. com by the deadline * The paper must be 850 1000 words Essay Rubric Unique/Original Strong Useful Basic Lacking Introduction (5/55)ExemplaryCommendable Capable Fair Poor 5 4. 5 4 3. 5 3 Proper Introduction†¦ * First sentence used to â€Å"hook† the reader * You need to â€Å"in-text cite† the source of the quote * Then at least three sentences of FR, Arab Spring background/historical context that sets up the thesis Unique/Original Strong Useful Basic Lacking Thesis (15/55)ExemplaryCommendable Capable Fair Poor 15 14 13 12 11 10 * A sophisticated, insightful, crystal clear thesis states your argument and â€Å"drives† your essay * Thesis makes a claim that is analytical answering â€Å"why† or â€Å"How† (Hint: use the word â€Å"because†) * The thesis is the last sentence of the Introduction but is linked to each body paragraph topic (Claim) sentence 2+ 21 20 19 17 16 13 12 11 Body: Claim/Evidence (10/55)ExemplaryCommendable Capable Fair Poor 10 pts 9 pts. 8 pts. 7 pts. 6 pts. * Each topic (Claim) sentence must link to the Thesis otherwise I won’t read the paragraph; therefore no checks! * Each topic (Claim) sentence must be supported with evidence from resources (utilizing details/facts People, Setting, Quotes†¦Do Not Generalize!!! ) * Each detail/fact will be checked (). The more checks () the better! Unique/Original Strong Useful Basic Lacking Body: Warrant/Analysis (10/55) ExemplaryCommendable Capable Fair Poor 10 pts 9 pts. 8 pts. 7 pts. 6 pts. * Include creative and thoughtful analysis * Say something interesting and unique * Utilize â€Å"Big Idea† terms in your sentences (Analogy, Cause and Effect, Compare and Contrast, Foreshadowing, Irony, â€Å"Nothing New Under the Sun†, Paradox, â€Å"Turning Points†) * Explain the â€Å"Big Ideas† thoughtfully and completely The ideas of the paper flow logically and are exceptionally stated Unique/Original Strong Useful Basic Lacking Conclusion (5/55)ExemplaryCommendable Capable Fair Poor 5 4. 5 4 3. 5 3 * Wrap the essay up with a conclusion that restates the main points of your essay * Do not include a new argument to the conclusion * Say something interesting: Leave me in awe, impressed; move my heart and mind! Excellent Strong Useful Basic Lacking ExemplaryCommendable Capable Fair Poor 0 pts 9 pts. 8 pts. 7 pts. 6 pts. Mechanics/MLA (10/55) * Excellent sentence structure, grammar and punctuation * The paper fulfills all MLA requirements (see checklist) * The Works Cited page is properly formatted (see checklist)

Sunday, July 21, 2019

Organizational Culture and Climate

Organizational Culture and Climate CHAPTER II CONCEPT OF THE ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR ,CULTURE AND CLIMATE AND ITS IMPACT ON THE ORGANISATION Organizations combine science and people- technology and humanity. Not only technology is difficult to cope by itself, but also adding people to it becomes an immensely complex social system. Within an organization itself, the social system is all the people in it as they relate to each other and to the world outside. The people and the organizations might have some conflict but they live in some degree of mutual interest and harmony. There is a mutual social transaction in which each benefits the other. Individuals use organizations as instruments to achieve their goals just as much organizations use people to reach objectives. There is no idealistic solution to organizational problems; all that can be done is to enhance our understanding and skills so that human relationships at work can be upgraded. Organisations are a universal and pervasive phenomenon manifest in all aspects of human life in different forms. A common thread that runs through all organisations is that they are aggregates of people, and that they have a common purpose. The examination of some definitions will help in appreciating the various facets of organisations. Concept of Organization There are hundreds of definitions of the concept of organization in the management, psychological, and social and sociological literatures and these definitions are being constantly updated and revised. Some of the definitions of organization are as follows: (a) â€Å"Organization is a social group in which the members are differentiated as to their responsibilities for their task of achieving a common goal† (Stogdill 1950). (b) â€Å" Organization is a short hand expression for the integrated aggregation of those persons who are primarily involved in the managing risk and uncertainty- bearing, planning and innovation, co-ordination, administration and control, and routine supervision of an enterprise† ( Harbinson 1959). (c) An organisation is a rational coordination of a number of people for the achievement of some common explicit purpose or goal through a division of labour and function through a hierarchy of authority and responsibility[i] (d) Organisations are human groupings deliberately constructed and reconstructed to meet specific goals[ii] (e) Organisations are physical arrangement of people in various roles for meeting organisational objective.[iii] Common element that runs through these definitions include the fact that organizations involve : (a) Identifiable aggregation of human beings or Individuals banding together to form a group. (b) An organizational goal or the pursuit of a common goal or goals. (c) Coordination of activities with a belief that the group can achieve what an individual cannot. (d) More or less clearly defined responsibilities for its members. (e) Structure or system for coordination. A current concept which leads to better understanding of organisations is to view them as ‘systems existing in the environment. The systems are separate from the environment but their boundaries are permeable, permitting the influence of the environment to act on the system and also enable the outputs of the system to flow into the environment. Every system is composed of a number of sub-systems which interact with and influence each other and also with the larger system, which is their environment. In the services for example, the army is a system with commands as sub-systems. Each of the commands has its own sub-systems such as corps and divisions, forming a hierarchy of systems. Another way of looking at the sub-systems is to classify them by distinct aspects of the functions in organizations for example, human, economic, technical, and so on. Organisations vary in their sensitiveness to the environment. This depends on how open or closed they are to the external influences which impinge on them from the environment However, organisations are neither fully closed nor fully open and the degree of closure/openness determines their characteristics, as described below :- (a) Closed System Organisation[iv]. These are not affected by environmental influences and are designed for the pursuit of clearly specified goals. Organisational arrangements and decisions are geared to goal achievement and are directed towards making the organisation more and more rational and mechanical in the pursuit of its goals. They are characterised by rigid rules, procedures, hierarchical structures and tasks. Such systems are very stable and usually efficient. But, as they are closed from the environment, they have little adaptability and flexibility. Bureaucratic systems are typical closed systems. (b) Open System Organisations. These are systems that consider the environment as a reality. The goals of such organisations emerge as adaptive responses from the influences of the environment. They are not rigid and do not have a strong hierarchical structure. The various parts or sub-systems of the organisation are interdependent; changes in one causing important influences on the other. Such systems are highly adaptive and flexible but are usually low in efficiency. Research and development organisations are usually typical open establishments. Concept of Organizational Behavior Organisational Behavior can be defined as the understanding, prediction and management of human behavior in the organizations.[v] The human behavior in the oraganisation is determined partly by the requirements of the formal organization and partly by the personal system of the individuals forming the organization. The organizational Behavior can also be defined as the field of study that investigates the impact the individuals , groups and the structure have on the behavior in the organizations for the purpose of applying such knowledge towards improving an organisations effectiveness. The relationship between the individuals , organization and the working environment is shown below :- Organisational Participants Organisational Behavior Organisational Environment The key elements in organizational behavior are people, structure, technology, and the environment in which the organization operates. When people join together in an organization to accomplish an objective, some kind of structure is required. People also use technology to help get the job done, so there is an interaction of people, structure, and technology. In addition, these elements are influenced by the external environment and they influence it. (a) People. People make up the internal social system of the organization. They consist of individual groups, large groups as well as small ones. They may be unofficial, informal groups or official, formal ones. Groups are dynamic. They form, change, and disband. The Human organizations today are not the same as it was yesterday, or the day before. People are living, thinking, feeling beings that created the organization to achieve their objectives. (b) Structure. Structure defines the official relationships of people in the organizations. Different jobs are required to accomplish all of an organizations activities. The people who perform these jobs have to be related in some structural way so that their work can be effective. These relationships create complex problems of cooperation, negotiations, and decision making. (c) Technology. Technology provides the resources with which people work and it affects the task that they perform. The great benefit of technology is that it allows people to do more and better work, but it also restricts people in various ways. (d) Environment. All organizations operate within an external environment. A single operation does not exist alone. It is part of a larger system that contains many other elements. The environment in which an organization operates influences the attitude of people, affects working conditions, and provides competition for resources and power. Concepts Dealing With an Individual.[vi] There are four concepts dealing with the nature of an individual in the Organizational Behavior :- (a) Individual Differences. Every individual has a different gift of nature, different quantity of intelligence and different way of behavior. When it comes to human behavior there cannot be a prescriptive solution. This concept tells a manager that every person should be treated as an entity and should not be stereotyped just because he belongs to a group. (b) Whole Person. When it comes to analyzing the behavioural problems the manger should take into account all the roles an individual is playing in the organization. (c) Motivation. The manager by his own behavior can influence an employee and can cause him to behave in a particular way. (d) Human Dignity. This concept is more on an ethical philosophy. Every person in an organization wants to be treated with respect and is engaged in the same pursuit. Models of Organisational Behavior[vii]. There are four recognizable models of the organizational behavior. These are tabulated as below :- Autocratic Custodial Supportive Collegial Model Depends Upon Power Economic resources Leadership Partnership Managerial Orientation Authority Money Support Teamwork Employee Orientation Obedience Security Job Performance Responsibility Employee Psychological Result Dependence on Boss Dependence on organisation participation Self discipline Employee Needs Met Subsistence Maintenance Higher order Self actualisation Performance Result minimum Passive cooperation Awakened drives Moderate enthusiasm, Autocratic model was in existence at the time of industrial revolution . subsequently the thinking shifted to the custodial model which consisted of giving some sops, concessions and privileges to the employee to keep them happy. In both the autocratic and the custodial models the managers did not bother creating a conducive atmosphere for the employees. The supportive model emerged as a sequel to the human relations era. This model assumes that the employees have some skill and will contribute to the organization. Thus the manager is not the boss of the team but a leader of the team of employees entrusted under him to perform a particular job. Leader is responsible for creating an environment to utilize the skills and wills of the employees to contribute to the organizational effort. The collegial model is more applicable to the to scientific and professional employees where the role of the manager is changed to a partner in pursuit of the same objective as the employee. Concept of Organizational Culture Organisatinal culture is a pattern of beliefs and expectations shared by the members of the organization. These beliefs and expectations produce norms that powerfully shape the behavior of individuals and groups in the organization. The organizational culture includes[viii] :- (a) Routine behavior when people interact. (b) The norms that are shared by everyone in an organization. (c) The dominant values held by the organization. (d) The philosophy that guides the organizations policies. (e) Climate in an organization. (f) Rules in an organization. Organizational Culture has the potential to enhance the organizational effectiveness , individual satisfaction and the sense of belonging to the organization. However if the organization culture gets out of step with the changing expectation of the stakeholders, the organizations effectiveness can be hindered. A strong culture facilitates goal alignment. As all employees have same basic values, therefore they agree on not only the goals but also the methods of achieving them too. Thus the energies of the employees is channeled in the same direction and the organization performance is better. A strong culture leads to high levels of employee motivation because a strong culture automatically attracts the people towards the organization. A strong culture also enables an organization to learn from its past. The strong culture reinforces the consensus on the interpretation of issues and events based on the past experiences, provides precedents from the organizations history which help in deciding course of action to meet the new challenges. Organisational culture exists on different levels that differ in terms of visibility and the resistance to change[ix]. The least visible or the deepest level is the basic shared assumptions which represent the beliefs about the organisation that needs to be run. The next level of culture is the cultural values which represent the collective beliefs, assumptions and feelings about what things are good , normal , rational , valuable and so on. These values tend to persist over time when the organisational membership changes. The next level is that of the shared behaviors , including norms which are more visible and somewhat easier to change than the values. The most superficial level of oragnisational culture consists of the symbols. Culture symbols are the words , gestures and pictures or other physical objects that carry particular meaning to the culture. Concept of Organizational Climate The concept of organisational climate is derived from the atmospheric climate. Just as two places can be differentiated with reference to elements of atmospheric climate like temperature, humidity, etc, organisations also can be differentiated on the basis of organisation climate prevailing in them. There is evidence to show that there is a very close relationship between organizational climate, job satisfaction, performance of individuals and ultimately organisational effectiveness. Organisation Climate[x] is a set of distinctive features that distinguish one organisation from another and influence the behavior of people. It may also be defined as behaviour, shared beliefs, and values that members have in organisation. It often sets the tone for the organisation and establishes implied rules for the way people should behave. In every organisation, there exist certain elements which exert profound influence on the existing climate. These are :- (a) Organisational Context . The foremost factor is command/ management philosophy. Reactions of the members of the organisation on the degree to which they accept this philosophy is crucial to a good organisational climate. The climate would be highly favourable, when existing command styles/management techniques are such that members goals match those of the organization. (b) Structure. Nature of relationships, de-alienation of the hierarchy, centralised/decentralised decision making etc affect the climate of an organisation. (c) Process. Some of the vital processes in an oraganisation are communication, decision making and leadership. In all these processes the interface between the superior and the subordinate are visible and cannot be ignored. (c) Physical Environment. The external factors like safety, comfort and decor effect the organisational climate of an organisation. (d) System Value and Norms. Every organisation has discernable and fairly evident formal value system. The formal value system is communicated to the members through rules, regulations and policies. The informal organisations within also exert influence on values and consequently on climate. Role of the Commander. [xi] The most important, is the factor of leadership, especially so in the context of the defence services. Leaders especially the top leadership create the culture for the organisations. In the defence services, since all personnel are subject to the same rules, regulations ,. the commander is the greatest influence factor. He is responsible for creating, developing and sustaining a healthy organisational climate, in keeping with the stage of growth of his unit or formation. By his leadership example and decision making style, a commander can create a healthy organisation climate for his subordinates to function and develop. [i] College of Defence Management Handbook Organisational Effectiveness. CDM Press, 1997,p.9. [ii] Ibid. [iii] Ibid. [iv] Ibid .pp 11-13. [v] Fred Luthans. Organizational Behavior. Irwin-McGraw Hill, 1998,p.16. [vi] A R Sapre. Organisational Behavior. Pune: Symbiosis Centre for Distance Learning,2004,pp 16-17. [vii] Ibid. pp 18-19. [viii] Luthans. Op cit. pp 550. [ix] Sapre. Op cit . pp 204. [x] College of Defence Management Handbook. Op cit. pp 35-38. [xi] Ibid . pp 36-39.

Saturday, July 20, 2019

Sin of Adultery in Hawthornes The Scarlett Letter Essay -- essays res

The Scarlet Letter, a novel written by Nathaniel Hawthorne, shows the adverse consequences caused by adultery between Reverend Arthur Dimmesdale and Hester Prynne. Dimmesdale and Hester committed the supreme sin of the Puritan society they belong. They must both deal with the effects of the scarlet letter. Pearl, the daughter of the two lovers, continuously punishes Hester for what she has done. Dimmesdale can only see Hester and Pearl when others will not find out or see. Hester finds a way to support herself and daughter, and at the same time, puts a mark on the possessions of some who are a part of society. The sin of adultery created repercussions that were shared and individually experienced by Reverend Dimmesdale and Hester Prynne. The scarlet letter is worn by Hester as a repercussion of her adulterous sin to make known her crime of passion throughout the whole story. Hester has the choice to leave town and would no longer have to wear the scarlet letter. ?On the outskirts of the town, within the verge of the peninsula, but not in close vicinity to any other habitation, there was a small thatched cottage? (71). The cottage is Hester?s home. Hester feels by staying, she is not letting society control her and acknowledging what she has done. Hester?s action of staying in town shows her strong, self-determined spirit. Hester refuses to deny the sin because it defines who she is. Hester decides to live alone as a repercussion of the sin she committed When Hester makes the decision to not go away she has to find a way to support herself. Knowing the town will not help her, Hester turns to needlework to help support herself and daughter, Pearl. The things she makes are very beautiful and delicately done. The families that held... ...e type of what has seared his inmost heart! Stand any here that question God's judgment on a sinner! Behold! Behold, a dreadful witness of it!? (232-233) Everyone now knew and just as soon as he revealed the sin, the sin killed him while up on the scaffold. When Hester and Dimmesdale had an affair, they never knew how much it would affect the rest of their lives, thus their one sin defined their very existence. Hester proves to be a very strong and able person through all the triumphs she faces. She remains a great mother even when Pearl reminds her of what she has done. Dimmesdale continues to see Hester and Pearl, but only when no one else will find out. Dimmesdale can not handle the guilt he keeps inside for seven years and it brings him to his death. Hester and Dimmesdale both commit the sin of adultery, but the sin empowers Hester and kills Dimmesdale.

Friday, July 19, 2019

The Cultural and Sub Cultural Influence of Narcotics Anonymous Essay ex

The Cultural And Sub Cultural Influence of Narcotics Anonymous. The Subculture of N.A is a life outside of any expectations formed by the main Cultural Influence. It is a very private organization that I belong to which became a way of life for me. It has values, traditions, beliefs, sanctions and roles. This is the only outside influence in my life that made me develop meaning to my life again. I was a complete and total crack addict who finally hit the bottom of the barrel and started looking for a way to climb out of the grave I dug myself into. Narcotics Anonymous is a group that has taught me many values. They have twelve values, twelve traditions, and twelve steps. As a group we learn to accept all of the above for mentioned beliefs. There is what you call a home group. That is your main meeting session with your sponsor, (if you choose to have one which is recommended), sharing time, to talk about whatever you choose i.e. your day, if there was a relapse, a stressful day, and just trying to talk to others who understand every struggle we have on a daily basis to stay clean. N.A‘s Values are as follows: 1. Trust: Bonding from addict to addict. 2. Loyalty: Acts of contribution (since they are a self sustaining group). 3. Submission to the spiritual life because that is instilled in many ways especially since it is a part of Traditions, Twelve Steps and values. 4. Courage to change, 5.Caring and sharing, 6.Spiritual Humility, 7. Courage to try, 8. Sincerity: Honest Intentions, 9. Integrity: Honest Intentions, 10. Perseverance and Good Faith, 11. Conscious contact with our higher power, 12. And most importantly: Living Clean. To live by these values is sometimes very hard. The beliefs would be like the Narc... ...rs or more to be sponsors, group leaders and other appointed officials. As a result from their hard work it has obviously helped Narcotics Annoonymous. They have grown so much since 1973 when the organization was first incorporated into Society. They have now reached 100 countries and 31,000 meetings weekly. (This Group is na class of its own. It helps people achieve what they want (sobriety), while also teaching them rules and values, and the tools that you need in life to succeed sober. Personally, I believe it is a subculture that is growing due to the fact that more and more are turning to drugs to cope with reality. Eventually when people decide to accept a higher being which has power over them, they will turn to N.A. either after rehab or on their own. Either way if they are open to help they will turn to us. As living proof I am 508 days sober.)

Gatlinburg, Tennessee Essay examples -- Observation Essays, Descriptive

Nestled in the Smoky Mountains, Gatlinburg has become an area that East Tennessee State University students go to visit. Gatlinburg offers something for many; however, the city has some growing pains such as traffic and limited space. Thus, the city of Gatlinburg offers many things that a traveler could need and want, provided that he or she is willing to overlook the city’s rapid growth. Entertainment in the area is targeted at a wide variety of age groups and interests that include some of East Tennessee State University students. Gatlinburg has many attractions such as Camp Thunder Fun Center, Fun Mountain, and Ober Gatlinburg. Camp Thunder, located on the main parkway, offers indoor go-karts, miniature golf, and a motion simulator. All these attractions cost $6.45 (http://www.smokymountainfun.com/camp.htm). Fun Mountain also has go-karts, but in addition it offers bumper cars, a chair lift, and places to eat. Fun Mountain is a good location for families with children, and it is conveniently located at the main intersection in Gatlinburg (http://www.reaganresorts.com/funmnt.htm). Ober Gatlinburg, one of Gatlinburg’s well-known attractions, offers skiing, ice-skating, an arcade, a Velcro wall, and bungee jumping (http://www.obergatlinburg.com). Ober Gatlinburg is placed on top of a mountain, but there is a tram that you can take from downtown near the end of the city. The city also offers some live entertainment. The Classic Country Theater has a tribute to Elvis and a music show that concentrates on the 50’s through the 80’s (http://www.classiccountrytheater.com). Sweet Fanny Adams Theater offers live comedy shows. It is located on the main strip of Gatlinburg and has two new shows each year. I would highly suggest Sweet... ... has catering and rental services. Absolutely Sensational Catering offers small and large catering services in the range of $249 to $369 (http://www.ascater.com). Unforgettable Rentals has a large selection of items to rent for a wedding and they are in a convenient location (http://www.elegant-rentals.com). Smoky Mountain Occasion brings the wedding to you. They offer services for $249 to $549 and have many options such as a unity candle, cake cutter, plume pen, limo service, and a guest book (http://www.smokymountainoccasions.com). Gatlinburg, a town in the Smoky Mountains, is rich with things to do. The city offers a variety of restaurants, lodging, entertainment, and marriage facilities. Gatlinburg is a nice city to visit although it can cost quite a bit of money. This has become a common place of visit for East Tennessee State University students and others.

Thursday, July 18, 2019

Annotated Bibliography on Global Warming

Giacomo Real ENG 1302 Comp. & Rhet. II Professor Kamm Monday & Wednesday 7PM – 8:15PM Annotated Bibliography & Essay Annotated Bibliography on Global Warming: Fact or Fiction Fumento, Michael. â€Å"The Cooling Off on Global Warming. † The Washington Times 8 July 1999: 15. LexisNexis Academic . Academic Universe. W. I. Dykes Lib. , University of Houston-Downtown. 20 Feb. 2010 http://www. lexisnexis. com. ezproxy. uhd. du/hottopics/lnacademic/ Fumento explains that a nonprofit group called Public Agenda and American Geophysical Union (AGU) has reported on public frustration about global warming and other pollutants. This report shows significant decline in many pollutants and about 50% drop on global warming in the mid to late 20th century. The author state how Americans are growing tired of political jargon about global warming and other contributing pollutants.This feeling amongst Americans stem from the constant blame game that is in place to explain natur al/manmade disasters like heat waves and hurricanes to name a few. The author claims that Vice President Al Gore is a peddler or contributor in the blame of environmental events to global warming. There is scientific fact that has collectively convinced thousands of scientists to declare that the human race is not the cause of global warming. â€Å"Global Warming and Other Eco-Myths: How the Environmental Movement Uses False Science to Scare Us to Death. Future Survey 25. 9 (2003): 5-6. Academic Search Complete. EBSCO. W. I. Dykes Lib. , University of Houston-Downtown. 21 Feb. 2010 http://web. ebscohost. com. ezproxy. uhd. edu/ehost/detail? vid=7&hid=111&sid=3a458492-42fe-4e5d-b278-814ea690813e%40sessionmgr111&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#db=a9h&AN=11133714 The editor state that there are a plethora of books, research, articles, and writings that business ventures to scare people into myths and false accounts that global warming in manmade.The author presents certain books that exclaim the cause and effects of global warming and different steps and developments needed to combat this ideological environmentalism. Simultaneously, the author is stating sources that disprove these myths and show how this is a political stunt by interest groups attempting to capitalize on global warming. Houston, Frank, and John Wallace. â€Å"Covering the Climate: Beware of False Conflict. † Columbia Journalism Review 38. 6 (2000): 52. Academic Search Complete. EBSCO. W. I. Dykes Lib. , University of Houston-Downtown. 1 Feb. 2010 https://ezproxy. uhd. edu/login? url=http://search. ebscohost. com/login. aspx? direct=true&db=a9h&AN=2892603&site=ehost-live Frank Houston interviewed John Wallace to help better understand political journalist, scientific journalist, and misconceptions/accuracies portrayed by these journalistic interpretations of scientist findings and articles. Houston asked a series of questions which confirms that there are m any discrepancies in the media with as there is genuine reporting’s on global warming.Wallace refers to many reporters that have actually reported true and sincere finding and many other blunders that have created fear within many scientists in presenting their finding due to the irreversible damage done with false or obscure reporting. Finally, was answered by Wallace on the global warming issue that states historical fact that there are conflicting measurements and reports that global warming/global cooling is happening. The answer was interesting by far by Wallace because there seems to be some truth to the global warming effect but there is a matter of debate on weather man is/is not responsible.Kay, Jonathan. â€Å"Cold facts. (Cool It: The Skeptical Environmentalist's Guide to Global Warming By Bjorn Lomborg). †   Commentary. 125. 1 (Jan 2008): 60(4). Opposing Viewpoints Resource Center. Gale. W. I. Dykes Lib. , University of Houston – Downtown. 22 Feb. 2010. http://find. galegroup. com. ezproxy. uhd. edu/ovrc/infomark. do? &contentSet=IAC-Documents&type=retrieve&tabID=T002&prodId=OVRC&docId=A173150742&source=gale&userGroupName=txshracd2590&version=1. 0 Johnson, Paul. â€Å"The Real Way to Save the Planet. American Spectator 43. 1 (2010): 40-41. Academic Search Complete. EBSCO. W. I. Dykes Lib. , University of Houston-Downtown. 17 Feb. 2010 https://ezproxy. uhd. edu/login? url=http://search. ebscohost. com/login. aspx? direct=true;amp;db=a9h;amp;AN=47900836;amp;site=ehost-live Paul Johnson begins his article by explaining scientific theory and a popular philosopher by the name of Karl Popper. In a nutshell Johnson explains Poppers 2 points that discredits all notions of the human race being the key proponents that has caused global warming.Johnson also points out how interest groups and well paid lobbyist are continually fighting the good fight in congress and the media to get the word out. The auth or also states how the definition of global warming has now expanded to include any and every weather disturbance, change, irregularity, and spontaneity. The main goal of Johnson is to let people know that scientific theory according to Karl Popper proves that global warming is false and the media has staged a deceptive lie that the human race is responsible for these phenomena.Taranto, James. â€Å"Peer Pressure. † American Spectator 43. 1 (2010): 54-55. Academic Search Complete. EBSCO. W. I. Dykes Lib. , University of Houston-Downtown. 22 Feb. 2010 https://ezproxy. uhd. edu/login? url=http://search. ebscohost. com/login. aspx? direct=true;amp;db=a9h;amp;AN=47901090;amp;site=ehost-live James Taranto argues that global warming is a farce and that many scientists have compromised their ethics and tainted the peer review process to appease global warming fanatics.Taranto discusses an editorial at the Guardian, a left-wing daily publication that support and protect the concept a nd validity of global warming. The author also reveals thousands of emails sent by climatologist scandalous proving the notion of man-made global warming. Taranto also writes how this theory of man-made global warming has infected many media outlets worldwide. The authors goal is to prove how the peer review process has been compromised, and how the media, and politicians protect this outlandish farce of global warming cause by humanity.

Wednesday, July 17, 2019

Topographic Map

MS 217 Dennis Borzakov Class 723 January 15, 2013 Problem HOW IS A TOPOGRAPHIC MAP MADE scheme I think that to make a summit meetingographical recordic map out you occupy to jut the form of the object from up top. To do this you need a satellite image. These images be called aerial photographs. victimization elevation calculators and free-base measures cartographers then make topographic maps. Materials form model landform Water tinted with food modify Transp atomic number 18ncy Clear plastic computer storage shock with lid Beaker Metric linguistic rule Tape Transparency marker action 1.Using the ruler and the transparency marker, make mark up the side of the storage lash one centimeter aside. 2. Place the remains model into the storage quoin. The bottom of the boxful will be zero elevation. 3. set up the transparency to the top of the storage box with tape. 4. Using the beaker, pour water into the box to a height of one cm. 5. exercising the transparency marker to trace the top of the water line on the transparency. 6. Using the scale 1cm=10m, mark the elevation on the line. 7. Remove the transparency and add water until a depth of 2cm is reached. 8. Map this take on the transparency and record the elevation. . excerpt the process of adding water and canvas until you have the heap mapped on the transparency. 10. Transfer the tracing of the hill onto a white planer of story. 11. Use the ruler to transfer the hill from the white sheet of paper to graph paper. Analysis The reproduction interval of this topographic map is 1cm is equal to 10 m. The maintain between contour lines on the map show steepness of a vend on the landform model because the closer the lines are the steeper the hill is, the farther apart the lines are the more the gentle the ascent of the hill will be.The elevation of hill A is 80 meters and the elevation of heap B is 90 meters. Elevation was presented on the map by the number of return lines. The one w ith the most counter lines is the taller one. ending In this experiment we took on the speculate of a cartographer. We graphed clay model hills to state elevation. We traced images of the forms from the transparency to the white sheet of paper to express the difference in counter lines.

Tuesday, July 16, 2019

Hayleys Consumer HR policy

Hayleys Consumer HR policy

You dont need to get a team policy on every aspect of your organization.Hayleys Consumer new Products limited hosts home for many of the world renown brands in Sri ancient Lanka such as Downy, Gillette, Olay, Whispers, Tide, Pantene, Kiwi, Pringles, Fujifilm, GP Batteries, 3M, Head and Shoulders, late Philips and etc. These brands are basically operated under few divisions such as Consumer Lighting, Consumer functional Imaging and Information, Consumer Healthcare, P;G products, New Business development.There is a supermarket channel owned by the Hayleys consumer named Haymart and there are outlets owned by Hayleys for perspective different brands such as Hayleys Caf © Pixel for consumer imaging and information and Lighting little craft for consumer lighting. Hayleys consumer products have reached a range of 70, 000 outlets throughout the whole country and expanding their business day by day as the corporate leader of the Sri Lankan market.It late helps to have a sample policy w hen youre prepared to make your own.The share higher prices of the Hayleys group have also increased despite facing tough competition and rapidly changing market conditions. Investments made by the group has also rapidly increased within the past few years, this has especially been total true for the leisure sector. 2.Examination on the five HR roles at Hayleys Consumer World of Hayleys has a proper Human resource management system under it, the world of Hayleys has a small group HR department to control the HR activities of the companies under the group and each daughter new company of the group has a separate HR department to control the HR activities going on dark inside the company.

Legal counsel A policy thats assessed by legal counsel needs to be shared with employees.There how are permanent staff and also contract staff working under Hayleys consumer. Service very center is providing all these people with a maximum service for their betterment. All the HR functions are computerized at Hayleys consumer and the news and information is passed through email to the administrative and senior executive staff, including their pay role and other relevant information every month, those additional information for the other Junior staff with no company email address is given manually. The HR central system is outsourced atHayleys Consumer and all the details of every employee working under Hayleys consumer is inserted into the system where click all the necessary details could be taken in a few seconds at the finger tips.Developing a recruitment policy how that is proper is your step in an effective hiring practice.That is the main time where outsourcing what comes in for the service center, and the evaluation is done through the company HR department. The provident general fund at Hayleys consumer is the same as the group it is a private provident fund not such like many of the other private companies in the country and the employees have quick access to their fund through he HR service center. . 2 Corporate HR Corporate HR usually lies on old building a connection between the companys strategic goals and the flow of Human resource objectives.

You should make and old keep up a separate file for every one of your employees.The Management Trainee program done by the group HR department along with the company HR departments is a good example of how the corporate HR works within Hayleys Consumer.Even when hiring interns for the consumer the group HR gives a much better help in selecting the best to succeed towards he strategic goals of the corporate. When a division in the company ask unlooked for a new recruitment the HR division goes through their information bases and do the surveys to select the best fit for the position to make the path easier to achieve strategic goals. The recruitments vocational training and development is done and the objectives of HR are set in a way which the small group strategic goals can be achieved.HR Policy Manual A HR policy manual for smaller businesses start with the needed policies.At Hayleys consumer the mbedded role in HR is not identified as vital and important and logical not give n much of an attention by the HR department of the company. The HR manager old has direct links with the managers and the staff of the organization and opens up to connect discuss any issue or matter regarding their work but the discussions needed to be done to acknowledge the managers are not done properly.Sometimes the HR manager doesnt know the vital situations in the company where there are threats for some employees Jobs where there how are threats that some divisions could be closed down in the near future and the HR assistant manager should have a clear understanding about such ituations to provide those employees with Job opportunities at most least in some other company in the group but apparently the HR manager in the consumer products is forget not well aware of such facts, but the manager should be aware and should be able to provide necessary divine guidance for the employees in such situations. .

In the era of today, businesses big and small how have a challenge not to just help develop their workers, but to guarantee compliance start with the requirements of employment law.2. 5 Operational Executor This role is basically to check whether the other five roles how are going in order to achieve the goals both HR and strategic for the organization.This role is click done by the group HR for the consumer products limited and given much of a such notice where the HR roles are carried through well within the organization. Every month a report is asked by the group HR department from the consumer HR department to check whether everything is in line according to the plan.Many years earlier, our business grew from three to eight workers in a time same period that was really brief.Employees need to be favorable and collaborative.

Employees need to have a rational comprehensive comprehension of the procedure thatll be followed for termination and discipline.Employees are our asset logical and play a vital role in our companys achievement.They ought to know the advantages deeds that they will receive in addition when he is hired.They need to address the coverage of the organization on the new job on the hidden weapons.

Monday, July 15, 2019

Netflix Analysis

The pursual abstract is about Netflix and blockbuster. ii undefeated companies with equivalent rank trade and at the afore diagno imagined(prenominal) prison term with rattling incompatible strategies which slew blade the inconsis ten-spotcy of achievement in the upcoming or black eye go down. firstly of wholly we doctor out a way to illuminate what is the detail note of sever eachy superstar. blockbuster is a lease root word base characterization guild that has been leading(a) the merchandise during some(prenominal) an otherwise(prenominal) geezerhood, since the VHS cassette cashbox the carriage of the picturedisk and the amplification of the inter muddle.They ease up had a well-designed dodge which let them egression pregnantly cosmos the commitorship in the food trade place, having in 2006 much than 5000 locations in spite of sort the US. They basic all in ally offered a man-sized scrap of in-store delineation lea se. As it is utter in the text edition their pecuniary triumph is found on the maximisation of the archaic age that a ikon is crosscurrented. as well it is great to mention that a big fragment of their revenues came from the tardy honorariums (10% of the count revenues in 2004). that as the propagation were ever- ever-changing, the guests require were changing compar fittingly and smash do was in the command to admit his pipeline to the commercialise.Netflix, macrocosm so fanciful ten obsolescent age ago, was launched as a personalised picture showdisc pic letting development USPS to monger idiot boxdisks to its subscribers and use a set personate similar to the unrivaled employ by video stores. The acquireers depth psychology focuses on how those twain companies that stretch forth the aforesaid(prenominal) lacks, they confuse all t archaic contrastive strategies and by analyzing some(prenominal)(prenominal) strategies we e xit see how a hefty dodging and a well(p) acquaintance of the market atomic human activity 50 yield the discrepancy and employ a ships family to the supremacy. Basing on the l inviteing and information in the gaucherie, blockbuster would be diddle and Netflix would be capacious. smash knock over against has an sup date of referencennuated outline, they centre all their efforts in branch from Netflix by desegregation online and conventional in- storage work and by write Netflixs schema of no recent fees. in spite of their attempts they had epoch-making exertion losses and they undecomposed grew 5% (they expect a big emergence by suppressing slowly fees). Contrary, Netflix would be longsighted because from the first gear they were visionary, and they were go what guests compulsory eyepatch the propagation were changing. Because of that their light up in do it has been outgrowth probatively.As inferred in testify 1 in the case, lettuc e income reckon in hardly ii grades (in 2004 was 21595$ and in 2006 the make income was 49082$). It is important to bring forth into estimate what jobs did Netflix and blockbuster for consumers. blockbuster was the leader in the market by oblation consumers in shop flick rent. They absolutely subdue the admit of observance the current photographs at home. They were in truth fortunate and so they spread out by origin in the alto produceher locations with the verifiable that at least(prenominal) 70% of the state pick up a megahit rattling close.Netflix though, offered moving pictures whole when conflicting blockbuster, they support the rented movies to the clients houses. They formd the design of conventional movie renter. Netflix was created as a unseasoned purpose, s work on practical application the aforesaid(prenominal) learn that megahit was top. e genuinelyplace time, Netflix grew much(prenominal) and to a greater extent(prenominal) convey to this matched reinforcement that make the deviation from Blockbuster. about(predicate) their amplification prototypes, Netflix raged bankableness by investment chief city in enterprisingness more dissemination centers producing more subscriptions give thanks to the modify talking to service.As showed on delegate 2 in the case, the add on the amount of subscribers was very signifi outhouset with 107 in 1999 to 6316 subscribers in 2006. Netflix base its dodge in the concepts of whatchamacallit and cream and they showed it by introducing the render subscription base poser where guests had to pay a periodic fee kinda of the old per letting chill model. With this schema they were be able to confuse develop guest retention. On the other hand, Blockbuster was mainly cogitate on making the persevere company profitable by expanding geographically, inception impertinently locations so that they heap ex die hard the market sh be.Blockbuster concentrate the outline on the concept of movie iniquity, it convey that their market is a specialised corner in which clients make an voluntary finish and rent a movie when they get in the shop. Thats wherefore they only defend mellowed- pray movies (un wish Netflix that away(predicate) from high demand movies, they in alike manner gestate old or self-employed person movies). The Netflix success is overdue to a serial of assorted go that the company has had to typeface from the offset printing till nowadays.The convinces in the customers of necessity and in the association lead Netflix to a endlessly changing strategies. They launched the political plan in 1997 like an utility(a) way to the conventional movie renters, to appropriate home movies run mitigate unanimous customers needs. They took return of the up-to-the-minute hit in the refreshing technologies, the DVD. And they acted like early-adopters of the DVD charge their efforts in attrac ting owners of this rising device. They were world successful, besides they started losing customers so they were in the need to make some changes.And they did. Netflix in all changed the price strategy from the conventional pay-per-rent to the subscription model which allowed customers unmeasured movies a month. They came up with the tri exactlye outline as they indispensable to frame from the conventional video rental stores religious whirl something that they didnt offer. To increment the smell and f ar of offered movies, they created demarcation relationships with the study studios so that they devolve customers needs. As a essence of this growth, they plus the distribution pass on with USPS. precisely apart from that, Netflix was having a spacious problem. They were unendingly losing customers. To figure out these problems they legal opinion unlike attract the old customers that induct standceled their subscriptions. To reach this goal, they chan ged the unsubscribing insurance and or else of act to keep hind end them, they make the cancellation change as light(a) as the subscription one. likely many a(prenominal) of the customers that leftover sooner provide come back to Netflix when the platform volition earn more sentiency or when entirely fixed that they loss to open up their accounts.So if all those processes were easily for them, the flavor of the carry on the customers headland go forth be positive. At this point Netflix was doing well, the poetry of subscription were increase and their net income was change magnitude too. What would be side by side(p)? The immature technologies market is a eer increment and changing market. Something that is be a hit now, in one year could be completely forgotten. With the refinement of the network many in-shop work allow for be affected. serve that can be offered via mesh allow for alternate the traditionalistic commerce. And this ordain be the c ase in the video rental. The traditional video rental serve whether in-shop or pitch allow for tend to fell because of the by-line reasons or assumptions -Internet is growing more and more. many an(prenominal) rectifyments are be make to improve the quality. -The number of slew who start out meshing at home is alike increasing. -Customers are accommodateing to the crude era and they are changeing to spic-and-span technologies and regulations.So basing on that, as Netflix already did geezerhood ago, they should be advance(a) again and take the stake to change in order to keep favourableness for the company. They cant bend the youthful trends, if they turn int follow the changes and they preceptort adapt to them, they departing disappear because customers will change to those brands that cover their echt needs. Netflix was offering what customers needed, but this is changing with the appearance of VOD, and so by covering the equivalent need, they should ada pt to the times by changing their strategy.