Napoleon Bonaparte and the French Revolution

sleep nap and the french re tenderal snooze, the solider, intelligence of the innovation, or so he c every(prenominal)ed himself, staged a coup dtat like nothing ever seen before. France was in a disorganised and counterpoint-filled period and was in need for an individual who could guide the french concourse and the give in to stability and array. General nap nap brought France out of uncertainty and remained close to the ideas of the french whirling by rejoining France to foundation of laws, agreements, security and much(prenominal) more. He gave the french batch two individual and bodied rights and freedoms that freed them from ties with the centenarian Regime. Though on that point was been much debate on the question of whether sleep was the finishing, reference work or treachery of the French transition, a definite make has yet to surface. Answers vary based on the outlook of France during the time. Outsiders often tilt to consider cat sleep as a t hreat, and at that placefore think that his compulsive influence betrayed the Revolution. Citizens in France, however, saw him as a liberator who freed them from the grip of the octogenarian Regime and created a stable come out in Franceii. Historians who analyze both the French Revolution and the reign of nap are at skirmish with iodine an other to decide if he belonged to the Revolution and enforced its ideals, or contradicted them finished his actions. After close examination of his reign of France and analyzing his actions, implementation of policies, agreements and judicial codes, and outwardly promoting Revolution ideas and concepts, it is seen that nap did not betray the French Revolution after all. nap Bonaparte was rather the lengthening of the Revolution during his reign as Emperor of France, as he progressd and implemented ideas much(prenominal) as comparison, conversance and fellowship, which shoot to a reinforcement of revolutionary concepts that allowe d individual and collective freedoms and rights to expediency the French society.Although an absolute solution to answer whether or not catnap betrayed the revolution, sojournd it or concluded it is yet to be affirmed, thither is widespread opinion that short sleep was a betrayer of the Revolution, as he had a very beginningitative reign. However, an opposing imbibe of the efficacious age shot that cat sleep betrayed the revolution or that his reign concluded it is held by Louis Bergeron, author of France chthonic pile. He fence ins that France was facing much instability and uncertainty on the outcome of war and unity of the nation, and therefore, needed a strong homo like Napoleon, who in return preserved and continued the ideals of the revolution through and through with(predicate) his enforcement of accomplished equalities, the destruction of feudalism, and the ruin of the privileged position of the Catholic performiii. Upon close examination of the Napoleoni c engrave, it is determined that the ideals of the Revolution on the dowery of the old nobility are the same rules in the Civil Code, which intractable the conditions for the exercise of property rights and equality rightsiv. Ideals of the Revolution much(prenominal) as equality and liberty are seen in this primary source, which convey a Napoleon Bonaparte who continued the Revolution. Even through the signing of the compact car by Pope Pius VII, Napoleon managed to balance the estate-church relationship by granting the Roman Catholic Church as the majority church, but noneffervescent corporal Revolution ideals of equality and liberty by not allowing universality to be the state godliness and enforcing a freedom of religionv. Through the examination of the Concordat, one can see more Revolution ideals cosmos mixd into French society and promoted by Bonaparte. Though this response is against widespread agreement of Bonapartes betrayal of the French Revolution, it does pro vide facts of certain actions made by him to promote the ideals of the French Revolution. This is a deviation on habitual persuasion but still proved through examples of property rights, equality rights, and unearthly freedoms. On the other hand, Thomas Jefferson claims that Napoleon Bonaparte was the destroyer of the French Republic and a pariah to him because of his impracticability to establish a republic and his irrational belief that he is able to run a self- organization when in reality, he is a man who lets power deprave himvi. This view is quite popular and widespread for observers outside of France. It was only the people of France who saw Napoleon as a strong leader, while others saw him as a atrocious overbearing man who cared less for the ideals of the Revolution and more for his personal gains. This view is quite accurate for an observer, as Thomas Jefferson is writing from the point of view of an American man. This affects his perspective on the windic because a bias costs collect to the increasing developments in France and military gains by Napoleon, which perceive him as a threat. The disagreement between the views of Bergeron and Jefferson is more about weighing certain actions of Napoleon to stretch more towards a conclusion, extension or betrayal of the French Revolution. For instance, Bergeron believes that Napoleon extend the Revolution due to his strong participation in enforcing civil liberties and equalities for people, however, Jefferson believes that his role in accepting the gloss of Emperor goes against the ideals of the Revolution, and he is therefore betraying it. Affirming Napoleons continuation of the French Revolution is Henry Banks, who believes that Bonaparte was the answer to Europes needs and says that the coup dtat of Brumaire saved Francevii. Banks disagrees with popular belief on Napoleons tyrantic and authoritative ways by disagreeing on the condition of which certain events are interpreted. While Jefferso n views Napoleon as a despot who is ruling a country through means of authority and rejecting the priming coat of which the Revolution was founded by crowning himself emperor, Banks interprets his same event in a different context. He says that there was a need to reestablish the monarchy and for Napoleon to crown himself Emperor since French people were not fit for a republican or for a representative government, as well as the fact that if he had not done this, the Bourbons would perplex got power and would have brought the return of the old clergy and nobility with privilegesviii. Here there is seen a disagreement on the interpretation of Napoleons decision to accept the title of Emperor, one which is in favor of Napoleon representing the ideals of the Revolution, and the other on him rejecting them.By resolving interlocking between the state and the Church and being in favor of religious toleration, and therefore promoting Revolution ideas and concepts, Napoleon Bonaparte pr oved to be an extension of the French Revolution. The Concordat of 1805 was an agreement between the Pope and Napoleon, which created a harmonized relationship between the two by granting the Church the title of the majority religion, rather than state religion, in Franceix. By maintaining peace between the two, Bonaparte promoted the idea of religious toleration and freedom domestically in France. He contributed to creating a peaceful social society in France and economic aided many non-Catholics. Bonaparte used studyism as a revolutionary force, which was impatient of all traditional practices of Catholics and the Church of Rome and granted Protestants and Jews religious freedom, along with further them to transition into French society and identify themselves as French peoplex. This document, therefore, embodies the idea of equality and freedom. Napoleon did not fail to recognize that Catholicism was the majority religion in France, however, he did not disregard others either . He allowed them to practice their religion through religious toleration and even promoted the Protestants and Jews to integrate into French culture in return for equality, consonance and individual freedoms of religion and culture. Bonaparte, then, extended the French Revolution by making peace with the Pope, solving conflict between the state and the Church through the signing of the Concordat of 1801 and supporting religious freedoms.Napoleon Bonaparte was an extension to the French Revolution, as he domestically promoted Revolution ideas in France. Through the rationalization of the upbringing system in France, he continued to maintain Revolution ideas much(prenominal) as the abolition of privilege and the implementation of jobs and careers based on meritocracy. Under the rule of Napoleon, the education system of France was reformed to meet the standards of a post-revolutionary time period. The Napoleonic reforms of the public education system created institutions, which mad e the sciences a steadfast part of the curriculumxi. These institutions helped promote education and learning on a wider scale than previous education systems. He also established lyces, or high schools, in every major town for the training to civil servants and army officers, a school in Paris to train teachers in teaching and the curriculum and a national university to be at the top of this whole systemxii. The establishment of these institutions reinforced the reforms that were being fought for during the French Revolution, much(prenominal)(prenominal) as the elimination of privilege in order to create a fair and equal society. Similar to the enforcement of merit in the military and government sector, these educational institutions allowed the social ladder to be eliminated and for individuals, regardless of discriminate or wealth, could have positions of authority. There were the types of reforms that were widely recognized in France, seeing Bonaparte as a man who was extend ing the Revolution through reinforcing the ideas which people scarified their emotional state for in their society. Not only are the institutions set up by Napoleon Bonaparte, embodying the French Revolution ideas and core beliefs, still influential in France, but also the rest of the world. Therefore, Bonaparte was an extension of the French Revolution, and managed this through the domestic reforms he brought to the education system.Bonaparte also extended the French Revolution domestically within France through the implement of the Code Napoleon, which embodied many Revolution ideas and enforced them as a law to which everyone in France is strung-out to. This is said to be Napoleons most significant contribution of France, as he provided them with a legal code, which was founded on two main principles, uniformity and individualismxiii. This code promoted various types of rights and freedoms, granting them both for the individual and for the collective, to ensure that everyone is subject to these laws equally. In Book I Of Persons, of the Civil Code, Napoleon introduced Revolutionary ideas such as freedom of religion and the abolition of feudalism, as well as property rights and other rights and freedomsxiv. The introduction and establishment of this civil code lead to a more egalitarian society, which is what the French Revolution treasured. A core, total concept of the Revolution is equality, and through all the reforms made in the Code, Bonaparte is preserving equality and promoting liberty. Nevertheless, Napoleon did not stop here. He created seven legal codes in total, including a criminal code, which reinforced many revolutionary ideas such as equality before the law and outlawing arbitrary arrest and ironsxv. These constitutional changes were made in the presence of Napoleon himself, who personally manage the meetings and contributed to the writing of the Code. This affirmed all Revolution ideas, such as liberty, fraternity and equality, and crea ted a structure that continues to be followed today by many European countries, including France. Napoleon Bonaparte was a revolutionary leader who extended the French Revolution through legal reforms and the creation a Civil Code that embodies Revolution concepts such as equality and liberty.Not only did Napoleon Bonaparte domestically extend the ideas of the French Revolution in France, he also continued it externally, on an international scale through forward motion and enforcement of the core ideas of the Revolution. In a quest to create a spick-and-span balance of power in the global sphere, Bonaparte introduced a shape for a federation of states, motivated by French Revolution ideals and their extension and implementation internationally. He remodeled the map by creating territorial changes in Hesperian and central Europe in order to establish a new balance of power, which included the idea of the federation of statesxvi. Although many people argue otherwise, this design w as not for international global governance below Bonaparte. Rather, it focussed on preserving peace and collectivity amongst the nation-states of the world. His aim was to see authoritative political systems such as principalities, oligarchies and aristocracies of Germany, Holland, Switzerland and Italy removedxvii. All these political systems enforced hard policies and expressage equality and liberty. These concepts, however, are at the core of the French Revolution. Liberty frees individuals from strict imposed authority and grants equalities and freedoms. By removing these strict systems in which there is single-person authoritative rule from an individual who is limiting freedoms and rights, or rule by a group of wealthy citizens who center all the power in their self-interests, Napoleon wanted to see universal liberty and equality. He would do this through his idea of the federation of states. Although this was not implemented, Napoleon did, however, manage to redefine somew hat borders and implement French policies in the countries he conquered. Therefore, through the promotion of the liberty and equality on an international scale by aiming to create a federation of states, Napoleon Bonaparte extended the French Revolution and its ideas externally.As mentioned above, Napoleon managed to implement French policies on an external scale, in foreign countries that he conquered, which quickened the spread ideas of the French Revolution and lead to its extension at a lower place Bonaparte. Through Bonapartes various military conquests, aspects of France were seen embodied in the conquered countries, which were then under the control of Napoleon Bonaparte. He not only extended the French Revolution in France, but also took it to a higher aim through the creation of the Constitution of the dukedom of capital of Poland for the Polish state he conquered. Poles counted on Napoleon to promote the Polish cause and help them gain freedoms and rights by reconstitu ting the Polish state through his entry into the reason territories of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealthxviii. The plea of the Polish to be granted equalities and to be freed from dirty laws was heard by Napoleon. The new constitution that Napoleon gave the Duchy of Warsaw demanded that donations be freed of taxes, property taxes be decreased, abolished serfdom and removed the existing class structure which existed between the nobility and peasantsxix. The abolition of slavery and social classes, as well as tax and property changes, are all ideas which exist in the Code Napoleon which include equality, liberty, and other freedoms and rights. These are the primitive ideas of the French Revolution that were embedded into the Constitution for the Polish. Therefore, Napoleon Bonaparte externally spread French Revolution ideas that were imposed through the Constitution of the Duchy of the Warsaw and extended the Revolution on an international scale.By resisting conflict and threats f rom outsiders, Napoleon extended the French Revolution on an international scale. Britain was Frances castigate enemy since they had a powerful navy, military, lots of wealth and industryxx. When Napoleon Bonaparte took the throne and named himself emperor, he enforced many Revolution ideas in France. This was seen as a threat to Britain, as the increasing stability and order Bonaparte was bringing to France was helping him restore their power and grow stronger. Therefore, Britain wanted to restore the Bourbon dynasty, which would have brought back the old clergy and nobility with their privilegesxxi. This was the reason the French Revolution had begun in the first place, therefore, allowing this to happen would have betrayed the Revolution. Bonaparte, therefore, resisted threats from Britain and had great victories, such as the War of the Third Coalition in 1805, in order to maintain the ideas of the French Revolution In a letter from to his fellow on April 1, 1815, when exiled o nto the island of Elba, Napoleon Bonaparte discussed the unsuitability of a forcible dynasty such as the Bourbons one on the French people and since they refused to associate with the national feelings and customs, France was forced to abandon them and accept him as a liberatorxxii. He, himself, acknowledges that his actions were done for the benefit of the French people. If he had not resisted external threats from Great Britain, the ideas embodied and introduced in the French Revolution would have been removed and the Old Regime would be restored by the Bourbon dynasty. However, Bonaparte stopped the replacement of his new government and title as Emperor by managing conflict with Great Britain and withstanding their threat. Through the resisting of conflict, Napoleon Bonaparte extended the French Revolution by preserving its ideas and protecting them being abolished through a restoration of a Bourbon dynasty with the help from Britain.By promoting and implementing ideas like liber ty, equality and fraternity in French society, Napoleon Bonaparte extended the French Revolution during his governance as Emperor, which then leads to the reinforcement of concepts that were natural during the Revolution such as collective and individual rights and freedoms. Reforms to France on both an external and domestic scale were made by Bonaparte in order to preserve the French Revolution. Through his model of the federation of states and remodeling of the map, combine French policies and laws in foreign countries on an international scale, and resisting threats from outsides to ensure that there a return to the Bourbon dynasty, Napoleon Bonaparte extended the French Revolution on an international scale. Not only did he extend the Revolution externally, he also made domestic reforms inside France, such as signing the Concordat in order to create peace and grievous relationships between the state and church and to allow religious tolerance, giving France a civil code known as the Code Napoleon to promote ideas of individual and collective equality and liberty, and the reforms to the education system which abolished privilege and promoted meritocracy. Although there are many ways to argue that Napoleon was a betrayal, conclusion or extension of the Revolution, it is all a matter of weighing the actions and policies enforced under his reign. There were many mistakes made, as there is always in history, but this does not change the fact that there were reforms made during the Napoleonic era, which extended concepts and ideas such as equality, fraternity and liberty of the French Revolution. Napoleon Bonapartes reforms to France such as the set up of educational institutions and the Code Napoleon are still seen to influence the world today and will continue to do so through the years. Actions he did and policies he implemented became a stepping-stone for future generations.